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YDS (5.x), French (6a+), and UIAA (VII+) describe roped climbing difficulty. Conversion is approximate — a French 6c may feel like YDS 5.11b in one area and 5.11a in another.
5.10a ≈ 6a; 5.11b ≈ 6c/7a; 5.12a ≈ 7a+; 5.13a ≈ 7c+V-scale (V0–V17) and Font (4–8C+) describe unroped problems. V-scale is common in North America; Font in Europe. Both use open-ended upper ranges.
V3 ≈ 6A; V5 ≈ 6C; V8 ≈ 7A; V10 ≈ 7C+Historical areas ( Yosemite, Indian Creek) sandbag grades. Modern gyms and some sport crags grade soft. Converter shows consensus midpoints — local beta matters more than exact conversion.
Local adjustment ± 1 grade commonUpdated: July 2026
Planning to climb 7a sport routes in Spain: equivalent ~5.11d/12a YDS. Pack draws and expect endurance climbing at that grade on limestone.
Climbing V6 problems at home gym: approximately Font 7A. At a Font-graded gym in Fontainebleau, expect similar difficulty at the 7A label.
Guidebook lists UIAA VII-: approximately YDS 5.10a/b or French 6a+. Alpine grades include length, commitment, and protection quality — not just move difficulty.
Use conversion tables as starting points. Climb a known route or ask locals on the first day. Sandbagging varies by 1–2 grades between areas and eras.
Boulder grades reflect single-move difficulty on a short problem. Roped grades include endurance, pump, and rest quality. A V8 boulderer may struggle on a pumpy 5.12d.
Climbing grades vary by country and style — YDS and V-scale in North America, French sport grades worldwide, Font bouldering in Europe, and UIAA in alpine contexts. Grades are subjective and sandbagged differently by area. This converter maps approximate equivalents across systems.