Choose Water Heater Type
2-4 hoursCompare tank (40-80 gallon), tankless (gas/electric), and heat pump water heaters by household size, fuel type, and efficiency goals.
Field context
This workflow is part of 6 niche fields
Free step-by-step water heater installation setup for homeowners replacing water heater. Plan water heater installation with calculators and checklists.
Compare tank (40-80 gallon), tankless (gas/electric), and heat pump water heaters by household size, fuel type, and efficiency goals.
Size tank by household: 1-2 people = 40 gal, 3-4 = 50 gal, 5+ = 75-80 gal. Match fuel type to existing hookups.
Drain old unit, disconnect gas/electric and water, set new unit on drain pan, connect with new flex lines, and install expansion tank if required.
Flush sediment annually, test T&P relief valve, inspect anode rod every 3 years, and set temperature to 120°F.
Compare energy costs of tank vs tankless vs heat pump.
Budget $800-$2,500 for tank or $2,000-$4,500 for tankless.
Estimate annual operating cost by heater type.
Calculate drain pan platform if elevating heater.
US water heater types compared for typical 4-person household.
| Type | Install Cost | Annual Energy | Lifespan | Best For |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gas tank (50 gal) | $900-$1,500 | $300-$400 | 10-15 yr | Most homes |
| Electric tank | $700-$1,200 | $500-$700 | 10-15 yr | No gas available |
| Tankless gas | $2,500-$4,500 | $200-$350 | 20+ yr | High efficiency |
| Heat pump | $1,500-$3,000 | $150-$250 | 13-15 yr | Warm climates/garage |
Setting above 120°F wastes energy and scalds — legionella risk at 120°F is minimal with regular use.
Sediment flush takes 30 minutes and extends tank life 3-5 years — most neglected maintenance task.
In hard water areas, tankless units need annual descaling — factor $150/year maintenance cost.