Tools you might need next
Convert TOML to JSON. Parse TOML config. For Rust and config files. Free developer utility that runs locally in your browser — fast, private, and no server
Format complex SQL with customizable keyword casing and indentation. Beautify stored procedures, CTEs, and nested queries for review and documentation.
Parse cron expressions to human readable. Explain schedule. For cron jobs and scheduling. Free developer utility that runs locally in your browser — fast
Subnet calculations use bitwise operations on 32-bit IPv4 addresses. The subnet mask defines which bits are network (1s) and which are host (0s). Network address = IP AND mask; Broadcast = IP OR ~mask.
Hosts = 2^(32-prefix) - 2; Network = IP & mask; Broadcast = IP | ~mask; First host = Network + 1; Last host = Broadcast - 1VLSM allows subnets of different sizes within the same address space. Allocate largest subnets first, then subdivide remaining space. Each subnet must be power-of-2 aligned.
Updated: July 2026
Determine network range, broadcast, and usable hosts for 192.168.1.0/24.
→ Network: 192.168.1.0, Broadcast: 192.168.1.255, Hosts: 254, Range: .1-.254
Calculate how many /24 subnets fit within a 10.0.0.0/16 allocation.
→ 256 subnets of 254 hosts each
A /24 has 256 addresses but only 254 usable hosts. The first address is the network identifier and the last is the broadcast. Exception: /31 point-to-point links use both addresses (RFC 3021).
Subnet mask has network bits as 1s (255.255.255.0). Wildcard mask inverts this (0.0.0.255). Cisco ACLs use wildcard masks; routing protocols use subnet masks.
Calculate IPv4 subnets, CIDR ranges, broadcast, and host counts. Free networking tool for IP planning, firewall rules, and infrastructure design. It applies the cidr subnet mathematics (Hosts = 2^(32-prefix) - 2; Network = IP & mask; Broadcast = IP | ~mask; First host = Network + 1; Last host = Broadcast - 1). For example: calculate /24 subnet details — Determine network range, broadcast, and usable hosts for 192.168.1.0/24.